Technology management skills may make a solid foundation for executives in technology-driven industries. Students may choose to focus on specialties such as the CIO or CTO role, managing technical personnel, strategic planning, launching innovative technologies and cybersecurity issues.

Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the western most point of Eurasia, Europe is usually divided from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting the Black and Aegean Seas.

Certificate programs, which can be earned in about a year, consist of academic classes that are offered at different skill and ability levels. Undergraduate as well as graduate students, depending on their field of study, may obtain certificates.