Economic policy is rooted in the belief that government should be involved in some, if not all, financial decisions regarding local, state, and national economies. Economic policy may refer to interest rates, tax policy, government spending, as well as economic development and trade policies.

Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a federal parliamentary republic in western-central Europe. The country consists of 16 states, and its capital and largest city is Berlin.

Certificate programs, which can be earned in about a year, consist of academic classes that are offered at different skill and ability levels. Undergraduate as well as graduate students, depending on their field of study, may obtain certificates.